Climate change and food production: evidence for the elaboration of public policies

Abstract

Food production, especially in the agricultural sector, is highly vulnerable to extreme meteorological phenomena, hence climate change (CC) also impacts Food and Nutritional Security (FNS). With the aim of contributing to the production of evidence based public policies, this article systematizes the impacts of CC on food production in Brazil. To this end, we have systematized the results from 88 articles published between 2016 and 2023, using a systematic review. In general, projections indicate negative impacts, from effects on plant resilience, crop productivity, an increase in pests and agricultural diseases, to the unsuitability of places or regions for crops and pollinators, the risk of disasters and harvest losses, and the extinction of some species. From the socioeconomic perspective, estimates point towards greater impacts affecting the poorest families, towards increased inequality and a decreased national GDP. Furthermore, greater food insecurity is expected due to impacts on food availability and prices.