Performance of the main coffee-exporting Brazilian states

Abstract

Coffee production is relevant to the Brazilian economy, as it contributes to the generation of revenue and agribusiness. In view of the significant participation of the federal units in the coffee export in the last years, this study aimed to analyze the performance of the main Brazilian coffeeexporting states in the period from 2000 to 2019, seeking to identify the states that may be considered efficient in the export of this product. For that purpose, the revealed comparative advantage index (RCAI) and the relative position index (RPI) were used, and a performance matrix was built according to the linear trend of the historical series of these two indexes. The following states were considered: Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina and São Paulo. Among these, it was observed that Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais show RCAIs in the export of this product; however, they account for with stable RCAIs, whereas only São Paulo exhibits growing RCAI. The RPI results show that, on average, all the states under analysis are net exporters of coffee, whereas Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro have growing RPI. As to the performance matrix, it has been observed that only Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo are efficient, whereas the other states show internal potential to make coffee significant in their respective export portfolios.